shell-leaderboard/docs/backup.md

Database Backup & Restore

Scripts for backing up and restoring your database.

Quick Start

# Create backup
make backup

# List backups
ls -la backups/

# Restore from backup
make restore file=backups/laravel_20240306_120000.sql.gz

Backup

The backup script automatically:

• Detects database type (MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite)
• Creates timestamped backup
• Compresses with gzip
• Keeps only last 10 backups

Manual Backup

./scripts/backup.sh

Output:

==========================================
Database Backup
==========================================
Connection: mysql
Database: laravel

Creating MySQL backup...

✓ Backup created successfully!
  File: backups/laravel_20240306_120000.sql.gz
  Size: 2.5M

Recent backups:
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user 2.5M Mar 6 12:00 laravel_20240306_120000.sql.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user 2.4M Mar 5 12:00 laravel_20240305_120000.sql.gz

Backup Location

backups/
├── laravel_20240306_120000.sql.gz
├── laravel_20240305_120000.sql.gz
└── laravel_20240304_120000.sql.gz

Restore

# With make
make restore file=backups/laravel_20240306_120000.sql.gz

# Or directly
./scripts/restore.sh backups/laravel_20240306_120000.sql.gz

Warning: Restore will overwrite the current database!

Automated Backups

Using Scheduler

Add to your Laravel scheduler (routes/console.php):

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schedule;

// Daily backup at 2 AM
Schedule::exec('bash scripts/backup.sh')
    ->dailyAt('02:00')
    ->sendOutputTo(storage_path('logs/backup.log'));

Using Cron (Production)

# Edit crontab
crontab -e

# Add daily backup at 2 AM
0 2 * * * cd /var/www/html && bash scripts/backup.sh >> /var/log/laravel-backup.log 2>&1

Remote Backup Storage

Copy to S3

# Install AWS CLI
pip install awscli

# Configure
aws configure

# Upload backup
LATEST=$(ls -t backups/*.gz | head -1)
aws s3 cp "$LATEST" s3://your-bucket/backups/

Automate S3 Upload

Add to scripts/backup.sh:

# After backup creation
if command -v aws &> /dev/null; then
    echo "Uploading to S3..."
    aws s3 cp "$BACKUP_FILE" "s3://${S3_BUCKET}/backups/"
fi

Using Laravel Backup Package

For more features, use spatie/laravel-backup:

composer require spatie/laravel-backup
php artisan vendor:publish --provider="Spatie\Backup\BackupServiceProvider"

// config/backup.php
'destination' => [
    'disks' => ['local', 's3'],
],

// Schedule
Schedule::command('backup:run')->daily();
Schedule::command('backup:clean')->daily();

Database-Specific Notes

MySQL

# Manual backup
docker-compose exec mysql mysqldump -u laravel -p laravel > backup.sql

# Manual restore
docker-compose exec -T mysql mysql -u laravel -p laravel < backup.sql

PostgreSQL

# Manual backup
docker-compose exec pgsql pg_dump -U laravel laravel > backup.sql

# Manual restore
docker-compose exec -T pgsql psql -U laravel laravel < backup.sql

SQLite

# Manual backup (just copy the file)
cp src/database/database.sqlite backups/database_backup.sqlite

# Manual restore
cp backups/database_backup.sqlite src/database/database.sqlite

Backup Strategy

Development

• Manual backups before major changes
• Keep last 5 backups

Staging

• Daily automated backups
• Keep last 7 days

Production

• Hourly incremental (if supported)
• Daily full backup
• Weekly backup to offsite storage
• Keep 30 days of backups
• Test restores monthly

Testing Restores

Important: Regularly test your backups!

# Create test database
docker-compose exec mysql mysql -u root -p -e "CREATE DATABASE restore_test;"

# Restore to test database
gunzip -c backups/latest.sql.gz | docker-compose exec -T mysql mysql -u root -p restore_test

# Verify data
docker-compose exec mysql mysql -u root -p restore_test -e "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM users;"

# Cleanup
docker-compose exec mysql mysql -u root -p -e "DROP DATABASE restore_test;"

Troubleshooting

Backup fails with permission error

chmod +x scripts/backup.sh scripts/restore.sh
mkdir -p backups
chmod 755 backups

Restore fails - database locked

# Stop queue workers
make queue-stop

# Run restore
make restore file=backups/backup.sql.gz

# Restart queue workers
make queue-start

Large database backup timeout

# Increase timeout in docker-compose.yml
environment:
  MYSQL_CONNECT_TIMEOUT: 600